North Sikkim

A land - where heaven touches the earth, the ambience creates mystery, a landscape dominated by elements, silence can be heard, vision tends to travel beyond the horizon, the soul starts meditating- unknowingly, the mind gets rejuvenated; and land that makes you bow.

North Sikkim is the northern district of Sikkim. Mongan is the district headquarters. In 2021 the government of Sikkim renamed the districts and North Sikkim was renamed Mangan district. So officially the district is called Mangan district now, though unofficially  North Sikkim remains in common parlance. North Sikkim / Mangan is the largest district of Sikkim and is significant from a tourism perspective as several high-altitude mountains, lakes and destinations of Sikkim belong to this district.

Geography of North Sikkim

At an altitude of 3950 ft, Mangan is a town located 65 km from Gangtok, the state capital. Tourists need special permits to visit North Sikkim beyond Mangan.

The Northbound road from Mangan goes to Chungthang, another major town of North Sikkim, at 5,600 ft. Chungthang is 95 km from Gangtok. From here the road bifurcates. The road to the left goes to Lachen and the road to the right reaches Lachung. Lachen is the base from where tours to Gurudongmar Lake and Chopta Valley are organized. Lachung, on the other hand, is the base for your tours to Yumthang Valley.

The area to the West of Mangan is known as the Dzongu area. This area has a substantial Lepcha population. In recent years there has been an increased interest in tourism in the Dzongu area.

Accessibility

North Sikkim can only be accessed through Gangtok since the permits are issued from the state capital. Tourists must spend at least one night in Gangtok before heading for North Sikkim. Gangtok can be reached easily from Bagdogra airport or NJP rail station. Beyond Bagdogra or NJP, the rest of the journey in Sikkim is undertaken by road.

The journey from Gangtok to North Sikkim starts from Gangtok, the capital of Sikkim. The landscape changes rapidly on every curve, as your road winds upwards. With the thick smell of wildflowers, mossy trees, streams rushing down, mists coiling up from the deep gorges, sudden flashy flight of colourful birds, huge snow range embossed on the horizon, widespread valley, deep blue sky, lonely prayer flag waving leisurely at the distant top - you are on your way to a different destination.

Places (Distance from Gangtok)

Chungthang (95 km)
Phodong (36 Km)
Singhik (65 Km)
Lachen (130 Km)
Lachung (120 Km)
Yumthang (140Km)
Yumesamdong (155Kms)
Thangu (160 Km)
Chopta Valley (163 km)

Local Culture

North Sikkim is home to a rich tapestry of cultures, with the Lepchas, Bhutias, and other ethnic communities preserving their unique traditions and way of life:

Lepchas: Often referred to as the original inhabitants of Sikkim, the Lepchas have a deep connection with nature. Their culture is marked by traditional practices, oral folklore, and spiritual beliefs centred around the natural world. The Lepchas speak their language, Rong, and celebrate various Indigenous festivals to nature and their ancestors. A large population of Lepchas reside in the Dzongu area of North Sikkim

Bhutias: The Bhutias are of Tibetan origin and have significantly influenced the cultural landscape of North Sikkim. They follow Tibetan Buddhism, and their social customs, language (Sikkimese or Bhutia), and traditional attire reflect their Tibetan heritage. The Bhutias are known for their warm hospitality, which visitors often experience in local homestays.

Other Communities: North Sikkim is also home to the Limboo, Sherpa, and Nepali communities, each contributing to the region’s cultural diversity. These communities celebrate various festivals and rituals, contributing to the colourful and harmonious cultural fabric of North Sikkim.

Festivals

Losar: Celebrated by the Bhutias and Tibetans, Losar marks the Tibetan New Year and is one of the most important festivals in North Sikkim. The festivities include traditional dances, rituals in monasteries, and feasting with family and friends.

Saga Dawa: This is a significant Buddhist festival commemorating the birth, enlightenment, and death of Lord Buddha. Monasteries across North Sikkim are adorned with prayer flags, and devotees participate in processions and prayers.

Thangu Monastery Festival: Held in the village of Thangu, this festival is marked by traditional mask dances performed by monks, symbolising the victory of good over evil. It's a vibrant and colourful event that attracts both locals and visitors.

Tendong Lho Rum Faat: Celebrated primarily by the Lepchas, this festival honours the sacred mountain, Tendong, which is believed to have protected the people from a great flood. The festival includes rituals, prayers, and traditional dances.

Cham Dance: The Cham Dance is a traditional Tibetan Buddhist dance performed by monks in elaborate costumes and masks. It is often part of larger festivals and is performed to ward off evil spirits and bring good fortune.

Monasteries

North Sikkim is dotted with ancient monasteries that are not only spiritual centres but also repositories of the region’s history and culture:

Lachung Monastery: Located in the picturesque village of Lachung, this monastery is a key religious centre for the local Bhutia community. Built in 1880, the monastery is known for its vibrant annual mask dance festival (Cham) and its' serene setting amidst snow-capped mountains.

Lachen Monastery: Also known as Ngodub Choling Monastery, Lachen Monastery is one of the oldest and most revered monasteries in Sikkim. Established in 1858, it serves as the spiritual hub for the Lachenpas (residents of Lachen) and offers breathtaking views of the surrounding valleys. The monastery is a peaceful retreat and an excellent place to learn about Tibetan Buddhism.

Phodong Monastery: Situated near the town of Mangan, Phodong Monastery is one of the most important monasteries in North Sikkim. It belongs to the Kagyupa sect of Tibetan Buddhism and is known for its beautiful murals and ancient relics. The annual Cham festival held here attracts many visitors.

Trekking

North Sikkim is a paradise for trekkers, offering some of the most breathtaking and challenging trekking routes in the Himalayas:

Green Lake Trek: This trek takes you to the base of Mount Kanchenjunga, offering awe-inspiring views of the surrounding peaks and pristine landscapes. The trek originates at Lachen and passes through dense forests, alpine meadows, and remote villages, providing a glimpse of Sikkim's diverse flora and fauna. The Green Lake Trek is a relatively unexplored route, making it ideal for adventure seekers looking for solitude and pristine natural beauty.

Dzongu, a serene region in North Sikkim reserved for the Lepcha community, offers a range of short treks that immerse visitors in its untouched natural beauty and cultural richness. These treks, typically lasting 3 to 5 days, take you through lush forests, traditional Lepcha villages, and panoramic mountain vistas.

One popular trek is the Lingthem-Dzongu Trek, which offers breathtaking views of Mount Kanchenjunga and takes you through dense rhododendron forests. The Tingvong-Kusong Trek leads you to remote villages where you can experience the Lepcha way of life, including their traditional farming practices and spiritual rituals. The Pentong-Tallong Trek is another rewarding route, where trekkers can explore sacred lakes, waterfalls, and ancient monasteries hidden in the mountains.

These treks are ideal for those seeking a blend of adventure and cultural immersion, offering a unique opportunity to explore one of Sikkim's most pristine and culturally rich regions.

Photography

North Sikkim is a photographer’s dream, with its stunning landscapes, vibrant culture, and unique wildlife

Gurudongmar Lake: One of the highest lakes in the world, Gurudongmar Lake offers photographers a chance to capture its crystal-clear waters reflecting the surrounding snow-covered peaks. The changing light throughout the day provides different moods and colours, making it a perfect spot for photography.

Yumthang Valley: Known as the "Valley of Flowers," Yumthang Valley is a visual feast, especially in spring when the entire valley is carpeted with rhododendrons and other wildflowers. The contrast of colourful flowers against the backdrop of majestic mountains makes it an ideal location for landscape photography.

Thangu Village: The quaint village of Thangu, with its traditional wooden houses and stunning mountain views, provides excellent opportunities for capturing the rustic charm of North Sikkim. The early morning light here is particularly beautiful.

Lachung and Lachen: These picturesque villages are perfect for capturing the essence of Sikkimese culture, with their monasteries, traditional architecture, and vibrant local life. The surrounding landscapes also offer endless opportunities for stunning photography.

Monasteries: The ancient monasteries of North Sikkim, with their intricate architecture, vibrant prayer flags, and serene ambience, are perfect subjects for both architectural and cultural photography.

Bird Watching

The region is home to a wide variety of bird species, including several rare and endemic ones. Bird watchers can spot species like the Blood Pheasant, Satyr Tragopan, Himalayan Monal, and Snow Partridge. The alpine forests and high-altitude meadows are particularly rich in avian life, making North Sikkim a paradise for bird watchers.

Wildlife

North Sikkim’s diverse ecosystems support a variety of wildlife, including the elusive Snow Leopard, Red Panda, Himalayan Black Bear, and Blue Sheep. The region’s remote and rugged terrain offers a natural sanctuary for these animals. The Singba Rhododendron Sanctuary in Yumthang Valley is a great place to explore the region’s unique flora and fauna.
Rhododendron and Orchid Blooms: During the flowering season, the region’s valleys are ablaze with the colours of blooming rhododendrons and orchids. The Singba Rhododendron Sanctuary is particularly famous for its vast variety of rhododendron species.

Seasonal Attractions

Summer (March to June)
During the summer months, North Sikkim transforms into a vibrant paradise, with blooming landscapes and pleasant weather making it an ideal time to visit. The valleys are carpeted with colourful wildflowers, especially in places like Yumthang Valley, known as the "Valley of Flowers." Rhododendrons, primulas, and other alpine flowers create a stunning tapestry of colours against the backdrop of snow-capped peaks. The moderate temperatures, ranging from 10°C to 25°C, make outdoor activities particularly enjoyable.

Monsoon (July to September)
The monsoon season in North Sikkim brings lush greenery, rejuvenated rivers, and cascading waterfalls, creating a mystical and serene atmosphere. The rains breathe new life into the landscape, with dense forests and valleys becoming even more verdant. This is the time when waterfalls like the Seven Sisters Waterfall and Bhim Nala Waterfall are at their most spectacular. However, the monsoon also presents challenges for travellers, as heavy rainfall can lead to landslides and roadblocks, making some areas difficult to access. The trails become slippery, and fog often obscures the views.

Autumn (October to November)
Autumn in North Sikkim is characterised by clear skies, crisp air, and stunning autumn colours, making it one of the best times for trekking and sightseeing. The monsoon rains have washed away the dust, leaving the landscape fresh and vibrant. The forests and valleys are adorned with shades of gold, orange, and red as the leaves change colour.

Winter (December to February)
Winter in North Sikkim transforms the region into a snowy wonderland, with snow-covered landscapes, frozen lakes, and a serene, otherworldly beauty. The temperatures can drop significantly, often below freezing, making it a time for those who enjoy the cold and the tranquillity that comes with it.

Required Permits

To visit North Sikkim, obtaining a Protected Area Permit (PAP) is mandatory due to the region's proximity to the international border with China.

Indian citizens can obtain the PAP through us. Valid ID proof (such as an Aadhaar card, voter ID, or passport) and a passport-size photograph are required for the permit application.

Foreign tourists are restricted from visiting some areas, like Gurudongmar Lake. They can obtain the PAP for other regions in North Sikkim through us, provided they are in a group of at least two and accompanied by an escort.

Obtaining the Permit: contact our travel experts for a permit for North Sikkim. The process usually takes a day.

Travel Tips

Acclimatisation: North Sikkim's high altitude can pose a risk of altitude sickness, especially in areas like Gurudongmar Lake, which is over 17,000 feet above sea level. Spend a day or two acclimatising in lower-altitude areas like Lachung or Lachen before ascending to higher elevations. Hydrate well and avoid strenuous activity on your first day.

Clothing: The weather in North Sikkim can be unpredictable, with temperatures dropping significantly, especially at night. Pack warm clothing, including thermal layers, a windproof jacket, gloves, and a hat. Even in summer, the evenings can be chilly, and winter temperatures can be extreme.

Footwear: Sturdy, comfortable trekking shoes with good grip are essential for navigating rough terrains and snowy paths.

Medical Supplies: Carry a basic first-aid kit, including medication for altitude sickness, motion sickness, and any personal prescriptions. Also, keep over-the-counter remedies for common ailments like headaches and stomach issues.

FAQs: Common Questions About Traveling in North Sikkim

Q1: What is the best time to visit North Sikkim?
A: The best time to visit North Sikkim is the summer (March to June) and autumn (October to November). Summer offers pleasant weather and blooming landscapes, while autumn provides clear skies and beautiful autumn colours. Winter (December to February) is ideal for snow lovers but can be very cold, and monsoon (July to September) witnss heavy rains, which can cause travel disruptions.

Q2: Do I need a permit to visit North Sikkim?
A: A Permit is required for Indian and foreign nationals to visit restricted areas in North Sikkim. Foreign nationals are not allowed to visit Gurudongmar Lake. Permits can be obtained through tour operators such as ours.

Q3: How is the weather in North Sikkim?
A: The weather in North Sikkim varies with the seasons. Summer is mild and pleasant, with temperatures ranging from 10°C to 25°C. Winter is cold, with temperatures dropping below freezing, especially in higher altitudes. Monsoon brings heavy rains, and autumn offers cool and clear weather.

Q4: Is it safe to travel to North Sikkim?
A: Yes, North Sikkim is generally safe for tourists. However, due to its remote location and high altitudes, it's essential to be prepared for altitude sickness, road conditions, and unpredictable weather. Travel with a registered guide or agency, especially if visiting high-altitude areas.

Q5: Are there any health concerns when travelling to high-altitude areas in North Sikkim?
A: Yes, the high altitudes in North Sikkim, especially at Gurudongmar Lake (over 17,000 feet), can cause altitude sickness. It’s important to acclimatize properly, stay hydrated, and avoid alcohol. If you experience symptoms like headaches, dizziness, or nausea, descend to a lower altitude immediately.

Q6: What are the accommodation options in North Sikkim?
A: North Sikkim offers a range of accommodation options, including hotels, guesthouses, and homestays in towns like Lachung and Lachen. However, amenities may be basic in remote areas. It's advisable to book in advance, especially during peak seasons.

Q7: How do I reach North Sikkim?
A: North Sikkim is accessible by road from Gangtok, the capital of Sikkim. The journey to places like Lachen, Lachung, and beyond can take several hours due to the mountainous terrain.

Q8: Are there ATMs and mobile network connectivity in North Sikkim?
A: ATMs are limited in North Sikkim, with a few available in larger towns like Lachung and Lachen. It’s advisable to carry sufficient cash. Mobile network connectivity can be spotty, with some areas having limited or no coverage.